Geometry
Pronunciation: /dʒiˈɒ.mɪ.tri/ Explain
Geometry is the study of
points,
lines,
and shapes in
space1.
Each branch of geometry is defined by the basic assumptions, or
axioms,
of that geometry. All other properties and theorems are derived
from these basic assumptions.
Classic Euclidean geometry
has five basic assumptions or axioms:
- Any two points can be joined by a straight line.
- Any straight line segment can be extended indefinitely in a straight line.
- Given any straight line segment, a
circle
can be drawn having the segment as radius and one endpoint as center.
- All right angles
are congruent.
- If two lines
intersect
a third in such a way that the sum of the inner angles on one side is less
than two right angles, then the two lines inevitably must each other on that
side if extended far enough.
For more information on the axioms of Euclidean Geometry, see
Elements Book I
by Euclid. Translated by D. Joyce.
Plane geometry is the study
of objects in a 2-dimensional space. Solid geometry
is the study of objects in a 3-dimensional space.
References
- McAdams, David E.. All Math Words Dictionary, geometry. 2nd Classroom edition 20150108-4799968. pg 85. Life is a Story Problem LLC. January 8, 2015. Buy the book
- Keller, Samuel Smith. Mathematics for Engineering Students, Plane and Solid Geometry. pg 1. www.archive.org. D. Van Nostrand Company. 1908. Last Accessed 7/11/2018. http://www.archive.org/stream/mathengineer00kellrich#page/1/mode/1up/search/geometry. Buy the book
- Casey, John, LL.D., F.R.S.. The First Six Books of the Elements of Euclid. Introduction. Translated by Casey, John, LL.D. F.R.S.. www.archive.org. Hodges, Figgis & Co.. 1890. Last Accessed 7/11/2018. http://www.archive.org/stream/firstsixbooksofe00caseuoft#page/n18/mode/1up/search/geometry. Buy the book
- Descartes, René. La géométrie. Translated by A. Hermann. www.archive.org. Librarie Scientifique. 1886. Last Accessed 7/11/2018. http://www.archive.org/stream/lagomtrie00descuoft#page/n8/mode/1up. Buy the book
More Information
- Euclid. Elements. 3/12/2009. http://babbage.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/toc.html.
- Euclid of Alexandria. Elements. Clark University. 9/6/2018. https://mathcs.clarku.edu/~djoyce/elements/elements.html.
Educator Resources
- Surveying and Geometry. NASA Connect. 2/18/2010. http://www.archive.org/details/NasaConnect-Eom-SurveyingAndGeometry/index.htm.
- Surveying and Studying Mars. NASA Connect. 2/18/2010. http://www.archive.org/details/NasaConnect-Eom-SurveyingAndStudyingMars/index.htm.
- Pythagoras Theorem and Ellipses. NASA Connect. 2/18/2010. http://www.archive.org/details/NasaConnect-Goe-PythagorasTheoremAndEllipses/index.htm.
Cite this article as:
McAdams, David E. Geometry. 3/14/2018. All Math Words Encyclopedia. Life is a Story Problem LLC. https://www.allmathwords.org/en/g/geometry.html.
Revision History
12/21/2018: Reviewed and corrected IPA pronunication. (
McAdams, David E.)
7/10/2018: Removed broken links, updated license, implemented new markup, implemented new Geogebra protocol. (
McAdams, David E.)
3/14/2018: Clarified wording. Added vocabulary links. (
McAdams, David E.)
12/15/2009: Added "References". (
McAdams, David E.)
8/4/2008: Added More Information. Added reference to Elements, vocabulary links (
McAdams, David E.)
7/12/2007: Initial version. (
McAdams, David E.)